扩展分区

登录Debian后，如需充分利用SD卡上未使用的磁盘空间，请执行以下步骤扩展分区：

1. 执行以下命令，列出可使用的磁盘空间：

   df -h

   输出示例：

   root@starfive:~# df -h 
   Filesystem     Size     Used Avail Use% Mounted on 
   udev           1.7G        0  1.7G   0% /dev 
   tmpfs          390M     1.7M  388M   1% /run 
   /dev/mmcblk1p3 4.8G     3.2G  1.6G  68% / 
   tmpfs          2.0G        0  2.0G   0% /dev/shm 
   tmpfs          5.0M        0  5.0M   0% /run/lock 
   tmpfs          390M      32K  390M   1% /run/user/111 
   tmpfs          390M      24K  390M   1% /run/user/0
   

2. 以磁盘名作为参数运行fdisk命令。

   然后根据您的需求，执行以下命令：

   • 输入d，删除/dev/mmcblk1p3分区；
   • 输入n，创建一个新的分区；
   • 输入w可保存修改。

   示例命令和输出：

   root@starfive:~# fdisk /dev/mmcblk1
   
   Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38).
   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
   Be careful before using the write command.
   GPT PMBR size mismatch (10485759 != 249737215) will be corrected by write.
   The backup GPT table is not on the end of the device.This problem will be corrected by write.
   This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
   It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
   partitions on this disk.
   
   Command (m for help): d
   Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
   
   Partition 3 has been deleted.
   
   Command (m for help): n
   Partition number (3-128, default 3): 3
   First sector (239616-249737182, default 239616): 
   Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (239616-249737182, default 249735167): 
   
   Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 119 GiB.
   Partition #3 contains a ext4 signature.
   
   Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: N
   
   Command (m for help): w
   
   The partition table has been altered.
   Syncing disks.
   
   root@starfive:~#

3. 执行resize2fs命令调整/dev/mmcblk1p3分区的大小，以充分利用未使用的块。

   示例命令和输出：

   root@starfive:~# resize2fs /dev/mmcblk1p3
   resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
   Filesystem at /d[ 192.744328] EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p3): resizing filesystem from 1280507 to
   31186944 blocks
   ev/mmcblk1p3 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
   old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 15
   [ 196.934822] EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p3): resized filesystem to 31186944
   The filesystem on /dev/mmcblk1p3 is now 31186944 (4k) blocks long.

   验证：

   执行df -h命令以验证分区的新大小，并验证扩展分区（/dev/mmcblk1p3）的步骤是否成功。

   以下输出表示修改成功：

   root@starfive:~# df -h
   Filesystem     Size Used  Avail Use% Mounted on
   udev           1.7G 0     1.7G  0%   /dev
   tmpfs          390M 1.8M  388M  1%   /run
   /dev/mmcblk1p3 118G 3.3G  114G  3%   /
   tmpfs          2.0G 0     2.0G  0%   /dev/shm
   tmpfs          5.0M 0     5.0M  0%   /run/lock
   tmpfs          390M 32K   390M  1%   /run/user/0